In Chapter 1 of The Handbook of Crisis Communication (pp. 25-46), Coombs and Holladay suggest three phases of crisis communication: pre-crisis, crisis response, and post-crisis. However, some research suggests that four phases exist. Review The 4 Phases of Crisis Communication (COYO) https://www.coyoapp.com/en/blog/the-four-phases-of-crisis-communication

Identify each of the three phases. Discuss whether or not it would be more appropriate to describe crisis communication in the 2004 Tsunami that affected Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Thailand historical disaster in three or four phases. Make sure to evaluate and discuss any potential downfalls of the historical disaster’s crisis communication.